Why, and when, do I need the "NetBIOS over TCP/IP" protocol?

JDP

It turns out that there are advantages to using TCP/IP, IPX, or some other protocol as the underlying communication between computers. NetBIOS can be carried by these protocols. They prefer not to "shout" (broadcast) and encourage sending direct messages.
"NetBIOS over TCP/IP" has become the most popular of these protocols. TCP/IP, of course, is the protocol used on the Internet, so many systems already have it installed and configured correctly. In fact, Samba even requires "NetBIOS over TCP/IP". It doesn't support "NetBIOS over NetBEUI" (however, code has been donated by a company which implements this).


Since "NetBIOS over TCP/IP" runs over the TCP/IP, you can even share drives and printers over the Internet. This is of course a big security risk so most users prefer to install a personal firewall to prevent this, or they remove the NetBIOS 'binding' on the Internet interface (see next paragraph.

If you open the "Network" configuration window in recent versions of Windows, you might have noticed that there is no option for "NetBIOS over TCP/IP". There is a "NetBEUI" entry, with which Microsoft actually means "NetBIOS over NetBEUI". If you install the TCP/IP protocol, Windows automatically installs the "NetBIOS over TCP/IP" protocol too. If you do want the TCP/IP protocol, but not "NetBIOS over TCP/IP" (because you're worried about security), you should uncheck "Files and Printer Sharing" in the Bindings tab of the TCP/IP entry in Network Configuration.

資料來源: http://www.jacco2.dds.nl/samba/smb.html#tcpbeui